RESUMO
BACKGROUND: In September 2015, the four-component, protein-based meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB; Bexsero) became available for private purchase in Spain. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide matched case-control study to assess the effectiveness of 4CMenB in preventing invasive meningococcal disease in children. The study included all laboratory-confirmed cases of invasive meningococcal disease in children younger than 60 months of age between October 5, 2015, and October 6, 2019, in Spain. Each case patient was matched with four controls according to date of birth and province. 4CMenB vaccination status of the case patients and controls was compared with the use of multivariate conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: We compared 306 case patients (243 [79.4%] with serogroup B disease) with 1224 controls. A total of 35 case patients (11.4%) and 298 controls (24.3%) had received at least one dose of 4CMenB. The effectiveness of complete vaccination with 4CMenB (defined as receipt of at least 2 doses, administered in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations) was 76% (95% confidence interval [CI], 57 to 87) against invasive meningococcal disease caused by any serogroup, and partial vaccination was 54% (95% CI, 18 to 74) effective. Complete vaccination resulted in an effectiveness of 71% (95% CI, 45 to 85) against meningococcal serogroup B disease. Vaccine effectiveness with at least one dose of 4CMenB was 64% (95% CI, 41 to 78) against serogroup B disease and 82% (95% CI, 21 to 96) against non-serogroup B disease. With the use of the genetic Meningococcal Antigen Typing System, serogroup B strains that were expected to be covered by 4CMenB were detected in 44 case patients, none of whom had been vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS: Complete vaccination with 4CMenB was found to be effective in preventing invasive disease by serogroup B and non-serogroup B meningococci in children younger than 5 years of age.
Assuntos
Infecções Meningocócicas , Vacinas Meningocócicas , Neisseria meningitidis Sorogrupo B , Criança , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Infecções Meningocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Meningocócicas/prevenção & controle , Vacinas Meningocócicas/uso terapêutico , Neisseria meningitidis , EspanhaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Human hydatidosis is a prevalent zoonotic disease in the Castilla y León region of Spain. The aim of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of Echinococcus granulosus infection in this region. METHODS: We studied 4824 serum samples from a random, representative population of healthy individuals from each province of Castilla y León, obtained over one year. An indirect enzyme-immunoassay developed in our laboratory was used to determine the presence of IgG antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus in these samples. RESULTS: IgG antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus were detected in 3.4% (164/4824) of samples studied, with a range of 1.26% to 7.10%, depending on the province. Antibody seroprevalence increased significantly with age, but there was no significant sex-related difference (3.66% men vs. 3.14% women). CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence of Echinococcus granulosus infection in Castilla y León is still high. These data contribute to hydatidosis surveillance within the control program for this disease.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Equinococose/epidemiologia , Echinococcus/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Equinococose/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN. La hidatidosis es una de las zoonosis más importantes en la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla y León. Este estudio pretende conocer la seroprevalencia de infección por Echinococcus granulosus en dicha comunidad autónoma. MÉTODOS. Se han estudiado 4.824 muestras de suero pertenecientes a 4.824 personas seleccionadas de forma aleatoria y que constituían una muestra representativa de la población de las provincias de Castilla y León. En cada suero se estudió la presencia de anticuerpos de clase IgG frente a Echinococcus granulosus mediante una prueba de enzimoinmunoanálisis indirecto de fabricación propia. RESULTADOS. Se detectaron anticuerpos de clase IgG frente a Echinococcus granulosus en el 3,40 por ciento de los sueros estudiados (164 positivos de 4.824), oscilando entre el 1,26 y el 7,10 por ciento según la provincia de origen. La seroprevalencia de anticuerpos aumentaba significativamente con la edad. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las seroprevalencias halladas en mujeres y en varones (3,14 por ciento frente a 3,66 por ciento). CONCLUSIÓN. La seroprevalencia de infección por E. granulosus en la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla y León es todavía alta. Estos datos de seroprevalencia contribuyen a la vigilancia de la hidatidosis dentro de un programa control de esta enfermedad (AU)
Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Animais , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Espanha , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos , Equinococose , Echinococcus , Imunoglobulina GRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper was determine the prevalence of antibodies against Francisella tularensis in the representative sample of people from Castilla-León (Spain) before epidemic outbreak of end 1997. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We obtain 4,825 sera (between april-1996 and april-1997) of people from Castilla-León. All sera were tested by a microagglutination technique to detect antibodies against Francisella tularensis. The positive sera were tested to determine cross-reaction with Brucella, Yersinia enterocolitica and Proteus in the tube agglutination tests. RESULTS: We detected antibodies against Francisella tularensis in 9 (0,19%) of the 4,825 sera. Only one serum from the 9 seropositive was positive in the tube agglutination against Brucella. None of the 9 sera were positive against the remaining bacterial antigen tested. CONCLUSIONS: In the people of Castilla-León before 1997 the prevalence of antibodies against Francisella tularensis was 0,19%.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Francisella tularensis/imunologia , Tularemia/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Testes de Aglutinação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Tularemia/imunologiaRESUMO
FUNDAMENTO Y OBJETIVOS: Este trabajo pretende conocer la prevalencia de infección por Francisella tularensis en la población de Castilla y León previa al brote de tularemia humana de finales de 1997. SUJETOS Y MÉTODO: Se obtuvieron 4.825 sueros (entre abril de 1996 y abril de 1997) de residentes en Castilla y León. Se realizó una prueba de microaglutinación en placa para detectar anticuerpos anti-F. tularensis. En los sueros positivos se llevaron a cabo seroaglutinaciones en tubo frente a Brucella, Yersinia enterocolitica y Proteus. RESULTADOS: Se detectaron anticuerpos anti-F.tularensis en 9 (0,19 per cent) de los 4.825 sueros. De esos 9 sueros, uno fue positivo en la seroaglutinación frente a Brucella, siendo todos negativos frente a las otras bacterias. CONCLUSIONES: Antes de 1997 la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos anti-F. tularensis en la población de Castilla y León era baja (0,19 per cent) (AU)
